People with a high score on this scale not only show concerns with illness and disease but also, they tend to be egocentric, immature, sour, pessimistic, passive-aggressive and whiny. This scale was originally designed to differentiate among Hypochondriacs and other types of psychiatric patients and it had 33 items. MMPI or Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory is basically a standardized questionnaire that helps us to get the quantitative measurement of a person’s behavior towards test taking and emotional adjustment with the help of a wide range of self-descriptions. These scales are used to determine ones suitability for high paying occupations.MMPI was originally developed by Hathaway and McKinley in 1940, since then it has become the most widely used clinical personality inventory and it has more than 10,000 published research references. Once validity of the answers is established, a profile is created employing 10 Clinical Scales. Using 567 true or false questions, rates the tester on 130 categories (validity scales included). court cases of many kinds and why it is also used for employment hiring and promoting, from emergency services to police to military personnel, and in the private sector too. The fact that it is so successful at detecting malingering, among other types of faking, is why this test is used in U.S. The result was a test so long and so exhausting that virtually nobody is able to keep their answers coherent if an attempt at dishonesty was made. Over this time it has been refined and validated with hundreds of thousands of people taking the test and many scientific studies that led to the inclusion of subscales and the supplementary scales. The MMPI-2 was published in 1989, and is still in use today. Published in 1940, the MMPI was the first comprehensive test that was data-driven, that largely did away with theory, and it was first calibrated by asking inpatient and outpatient individuals of psychiatric hospitals with well-known conditions to answer the test as they would if honest. It is the only personality test the results of which are recognized and used by that country’s courts of law. The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI-2) is the most used personality test in clinical settings in the United States.
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